Hawaii
9th-12th GradesState Standards
Theme 1: Earning Income
Content Standards: Students will know that...
1: People make many decisions over a lifetime about their education, jobs, and careers that affect their incomes and opportunities.
2: Compensation for a job or career can
be in the form of wages, salaries,
commissions, tips, or bonuses, and
may also include contributions to
employee benefits, such as health
insurance, retirement savings plans,
and education reimbursement
programs.
3: People vary in their opportunity and
willingness to incur the present costs
of additional training and education in
exchange for future benefits, such as
earning potential.
4: Changes in economic conditions,
technology, or the labor market can
cause changes in income, career
opportunities, or employment status.
5.: Retirement income typically comes
from some combination of continued
employment earnings, Social
Security, employer-sponsored
retirement plans, and personal investments.
Sample Learning Outcomes: Students will use this knowledge to…
Describe the importance of having
multiple sources of income in retirement,
such as Social Security, employer-
sponsored retirement plans, and
personal investments.
Identify common types of payroll deductions.
Evaluate the costs and benefits of
investing in additional education or
training.
Discuss how economic and labor market
conditions can affect income, career
opportunities, and employment status.
Explain why people should evaluate
employee benefits in addition to wages
and salaries when choosing between job
and career opportunities.
Theme 2: Spending: Content Standards: students will know that...
Content Standards: Students will know...
1: Price, spending choices of others,
peer pressure, and advertising about
a product or service can influence purchase decisions.
2: Creating a budget can help people
make informed choices about
spending, saving, and managing
money in order to achieve financial goals
3: Making an informed purchase
decision requires a consumer to
critically evaluate price, product
claims, and quality information from a variety of sources.
4: Housing decisions depend on
individual preferences, circumstances,
and costs, and can impact personal
satisfaction and financial well-being.
5: Federal and state laws, regulations,
and consumer protection agencies
(e.g., Federal Trade Commission,
Consumer Affairs office, and
Consumer Financial Protection
Bureau) can help individuals avoid
unsafe products, unfair practices, and marketplace fraud.
Students will use this knowledge to...: Sample Learning Outcomes
Share examples of how price, spending
choices of others, peer pressure, or
advertising influence a purchase
decision.
Create a budget that includes expenses
and savings out of a given amount of income.
Explain the types of information most
helpful in making a purchase decision.
Compare the short-term and long-term
costs and benefits of renting versus
buying a home in their city of residence.
Investigate common types of consumer
fraud and unfair or deceptive business
practices, including online scams,
phone solicitations, and redlining.
Theme 3: Saving
Content Standards: Students will know that...
1.: People save money for many different
purposes, including large purchases
such as cars and homes, education
costs, retirement, and emergencies.
2.: Savings decisions depend on
individual preferences and
circumstances, and can impact
personal satisfaction and financial well-being.
3.: Compound interest is interest on both
the original principal and previously
earned interest, as compared to
simple interest which is only interest on the original principal.
4.: Financial institutions offer several
types of savings accounts, including
regular savings, money market
accounts, and certificates of deposit
(CDs), that differ in minimum deposits,
rates, and deposit insurance coverage.
5.: Tax policies that allow people to save
pretax earnings or to reduce or defer
taxes on interest earned provide
incentives for people to save.
Sample learning outcomes: Students will use this knowledge to...
Create a savings plan that will allow
someone to make a large purchase in
one year, 5 years, and 10 years.
Discuss how savings decisions can
affect financial well- being.
Explain the benefit of compound interest
as compared with simple interest.
Compare the features of regular savings
accounts, money market accounts, and
CDs.
Explain how traditional IRAs (individual
retirement accounts), Roth IRAs, and
education savings accounts provide
incentives for people to save.
Theme 4: Investing
Content Standards: Students will know...
1: Investors in financial assets expect an
increase in value over time (capital
gain) and/or receipt of regular income,
such as interest or dividends.
2: Common types of financial assets
include certificates of deposit (CDs),
stocks, bonds, mutual funds, and real
estate.
3: Instead of buying individual stocks
and bonds, investors can buy shares
of pooled investments such as mutual
funds and exchange-traded funds
(ETFs).
4: Different types of investments expose
investors to different degrees of risk.
5: A person’s investment risk tolerance
depends on factors such as
personality, financial resources,
investment experiences, and life
circumstances.
Sample learning outcome: Students will use this knowledge to...
Explain why some people might prefer
to buy investments that grow in value
over time instead of investments that
pay regular income.
Define common types of financial
assets.
Discuss the advantages and
disadvantages of investing in a
diversified stock or bond mutual fund
versus individual stocks and bonds.
Compare rates of return on different
types of investments and order them by
risk.
Discuss how a person’s risk tolerance
influences their investment decisions.
Theme 5: Managing credit
Content Standards: Students will know that...
1.: Interest rates and fees vary by type of
lender, type of credit, and market
conditions.
2.: Borrowing increases debt and can
negatively affect a person’s finances.
3.: Post-secondary education is often
financed by students and families/
caregivers through a combination of
scholarships, grants, student loans,
work-study, and savings.
4.: A credit score is a numeric rating that
assesses a person’s credit risk based
on information in their credit report.
5.: Credit reports and credit scores may
be requested and used by entities
other than lenders.
Sample learning outcomes: Students will use this knowledge to...
Compare lenders based on type of
credit offered, interest rates, and fees.
Predict the possible consequences of
having a lot of debt payments relative to
income.
Describe the different sources of funding
for post-secondary education.
Explain how a borrower’s credit score
can impact their cost of credit and their
ability to get credit.
Explain how landlords, potential
employers, and insurance companies
use credit reports and credit scores in
decision-making.
Theme 6: Managing risk
Content Standards: Students will know that...
1.: Financial loss can occur from
unexpected events that damage
health, wealth, income, property,
and/or future opportunities.
2.: Some types of insurance coverage
are mandatory.
3.: Health insurance provides coverage
for medically necessary health care
and may also cover some preventive
care. It is sometimes offered as an
employee benefit with the employer
paying some or all of the premium
cost.
4.: Unemployment insurance, Medicaid,
and Medicare are public insurance
programs that protect individuals from
economic hardship caused by certain
risks.
5.: Online transactions and failure to
safeguard personal documents can
make consumers vulnerable to
privacy infringement, identity theft,
and fraud.
Sample learning outcomes: Students will use this knowledge to...
Describe how an unexpected event that
damages health or property can impact
a family’s financial situation.
Research the minimum auto liability
insurance required in the state they live
in and whether it is sufficient to cover
typical auto accident financial losses.
Compare the cost of health insurance to
the potential financial consequences of
not having health insurance.
Discuss how state unemployment
programs can help reduce economic
hardship caused by job losses during a
recession or pandemic.
Provide examples of how online
behavior, e-mail and text-message
scams, telemarketers, and other
methods make consumers vulnerable to
privacy infringement, identity theft, and
fraud.